How to incorporate a Private Limited company in India (10-day step-by-step)

Incorporating a Pvt Ltd unlocks: equity fundraising, limited liability, separate legal entity, professional credibility. The whole process now takes 10-14 days end to end.

Step 1: Decide structure: Pvt Ltd vs LLP vs OPC

Pvt Ltd: best for VC fundraise; min 2 directors + 2 shareholders. LLP: good for services, easier compliance; min 2 partners. OPC: for solo founders, can later convert to Pvt Ltd; min 1 director + 1 nominee. Most VC-track startups pick Pvt Ltd.

Step 2: Get DSC + DIN for proposed directors

Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) — issued by eMudhra / Sify / NSDL — ₹1,500-3,000 per director. Director Identification Number (DIN) — apply via SPICe+ form during incorporation; ₹500.

Step 3: Reserve name on SPICe+ Part A

Part A of SPICe+ form on mca.gov.in. Submit 2 name choices. Government fee ₹1,000. Approval in 2-3 working days. Names must not match existing companies and must include 'Private Limited'.

Step 4: Fill SPICe+ Part B with company details

Subscribers + directors info, registered office address, share capital structure, MOA/AOA (auto-generated based on objects you select), PAN/TAN application.

Step 5: Sign + upload supporting documents

Each director: PAN, Aadhaar, address proof, photograph. Address proof for registered office: utility bill + NOC from owner. Subscribers' bank statements. All signed with DSC.

Step 6: Submit + pay government fee

Stamp duty (state-specific, ₹500-15,000) + filing fee (₹1,000 for capital up to ₹1 lakh). Total: ₹5,000-25,000 government fee depending on state + authorised capital.

Step 7: Receive COI + PAN + TAN + GST + EPF + ESI

SPICe+ is a single window. Approval issues: Certificate of Incorporation (COI), Corporate PAN, TAN, EPFO + ESIC + Professional Tax (state-specific) + GST (if turnover above threshold or voluntary) in 7-10 working days.

Frequently asked questions